Kilimanjaro Base Camp and Campsites by Route

Exploring the Campsites on Mt Kilimanjaro: A Guide by Routes and Base Camps”

Introduction: Mt Kilimanjaro Campsites

Mount Kilimanjaro boasts over 20 campsites that provide shelter and rest for hikers as they make their way to the summit. In this guide, we will take a closer look at the campsites on different routes and the base camps or high camps on Mt Kilimanjaro.

Campsites by Route

The campsites on Mt Kilimanjaro vary by route, with each one offering unique experiences and challenges. Here is an overview of the campsites by route and their elevations.

Lemosho Camps

On the Lemosho route, there are various camp options depending on the duration of the hike. The most common are the 6, 7, and 8-day itineraries, with different stops for camping. The campsites on this route are Mti Mkubwa (2,820m), Shira Camp 1 (3,500m), Shira Camp 2 (3,850m), Barranco Camp (3,900m), Karanga Camp (3,960m), and Barafu Base Camp (4,670m), before reaching the summit (5,895m). The descent can lead to either the Millennium Camp (3,820m) or Mweka Camp (3,100m), with the finish gate being Mweka Gate (1,640m).

Shira Camps

The Shira route is similar to the Lemosho but starts at a higher point, resulting in poor acclimatization. This 6-day route includes stops at Simba Camp (3,630m) and Barafu Base Camp.

Machame Camps

The Machame route has campsites at Machame (2,820m), Shira Camp 2 (3,850m), Barranco Camp (3,900m), Karanga Camp (3,960m), Barafu Base Camp (4,670m), and Millennium Camp (3,820m) or Mweka Camp (3,100m) for the descent. The finish gate is Mweka Gate (1,640m).

Umbwe Camps

The Umbwe route is the shortest and most direct path up the mountain, with stops at Umbwe Cave Camp (2,850m), Barranco Camp (3,900m), Karanga Camp (3,960m), Barafu Base Camp (4,670m), and the Millennium Camp (3,820m) or Mweka Camp (3,100m) for the descent. The finish gate is Mweka Gate (1,640m).

Marangu Camps

The Marangu Route is the only one that uses hut accommodation instead of tents. The stops on this 5 or 6-day route include Mandara Hut (2,700m), Horombo Hut (3,720m), Kibo Hut (4,700m) for the summit, and then back to Horombo Hut before descending to Mweka Gate (1,640m).

Rongai Camps

The Rongai route starts from the North of the mountain and has stops at Simba Camp (2,625m), Second Cave Camp (3,480m), Kikilewa Camp (3,630m), Mawenzi Tarn Camp (4,310m), Kibo Camp (4,700m), and finally, Horombo Hut (3,720m) for the descent. The finish gate is Mweka Gate (1,640m).

Northern Circuit Camps

The Northern Circuit is an extension of the Lemosho route, taking a longer and quieter route around the mountain. The stops are Mti Mkubwa Camp (2,850m), Shira Camp 1 (3,500m), Shira Camp 2 (3,850m), Moir Hut (4,150m), Buffalo Camp (4,020m), Third Cave Camp (3,870m), and School Hut (4,750m) for the summit, before descending to either the Millennium Camp (3,820m) or Mweka Camp (3,100m). The finish gate is Mweka Gate (1,640m).

Mweka Camps

The Mweka route is only used for descent, with stops at the Millennium Camp (3,820m) and Mweka Camp (3,100m).

Base Camps or High Camps

There are three base camps or high camps on Mt Kilimanjaro, each used by different routes to reach the summit.

Barafu Base Camp (4,670m) is used by hikers on the Lemosho, Machame, and Umbwe routes. It follows a zigzag route up the slopes of Kibo to the sub-summit, Stella Point (5,739m).

Kibo Hut/Camp (4,700m) is used by hikers on the Marangu and Rongai routes. It follows a slightly steeper and longer path up the slopes of Kibo to the sub-summit, Gilman’s Point (5,685m).

Crater Camp (5,800m) is the highest camp on Mt Kilimanjaro, situated in the volcanic crater of Kibo. It can only be used by experienced hikers who have properly acclimatized.

Conclusion

With its diverse routes and unique campsites, Mount Kilimanjaro offers a once-in-a-lifetime adventure for hikers. Whether you choose to climb through the lush rainforest or take the direct path up the mountain, each route offers breathtaking views and challenging terrain, making it a truly unforgettable experience.

Best Kilimanjaro Books :

“Kilimanjaro” by Henry Stedman is a comprehensive guide to climbing Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest peak. The book covers everything from planning your trip and choosing a route to training, gear, and safety precautions.

Stedman includes detailed descriptions of each route and provides practical advice for hikers of all experience levels. The book also includes maps, photographs, and personal anecdotes to give readers a better understanding of the journey to the top of Kilimanjaro.

 

“Lonely Planet Tanzania” by Mary Fitzpatrick is the ultimate guide for travelers exploring Tanzania, a country that encompasses the famous Kilimanjaro mountain. It includes information on the history, culture, and natural wonders of Tanzania, as well as practical tips for getting around the country.

The book also highlights the best places to stay and eat, and offers a detailed section on climbing Mount Kilimanjaro, including recommendations for reputable tour operators. This book is the perfect resource for anyone planning a trip to Tanzania, whether they want to climb Kilimanjaro or explore the country’s other attractions.

 

“Explore Mount Kilimanjaro” by Jacquetta Megarry is a visually stunning book that showcases the breathtaking beauty of Tanzania’s highest peak. Through stunning photographs and detailed descriptions, Megarry takes readers on a virtual journey to the summit of Kilimanjaro.

The book also offers practical advice for planning and preparing for a climb, making it a valuable resource for anyone looking to conquer Kilimanjaro. Whether you are an experienced climber or simply an armchair adventurer, “Explore Mount Kilimanjaro” is a must-read for anyone with a love for nature and exploration.

 

“Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro” by Stephen Carmichael, Susan Stoddard, Rick Ridgeway, Neville Shulman, Robert M. Moore is an in-depth guide to the various routes, flora and fauna, and history of Mount Kilimanjaro. The book also includes personal accounts from climbers, providing a unique perspective on the challenges and rewards of climbing the mountain. It also offers tips for acclimatization and staying safe during the journey. This book is an essential read for those planning to climb Kilimanjaro, as well as anyone interested in the mountain’s rich cultural and natural history.

“Audrey Salkeld’s “Kilimanjaro: To the Roof of Africa” is a vividly written and beautifully illustrated book that delves into the human history and geography of Mount Kilimanjaro. Salkeld covers the traditions and customs of the local Chagga people, as well as the European explorers who first reached the summit. The book also discusses the impact of global warming on the mountain and the efforts being made to preserve this natural wonder. With its vivid descriptions and captivating stories, “Kilimanjaro: To the Roof of Africa” is a must-read for anyone interested in the history and culture of Mount Kilimanjaro.

“Kilimanjaro: Sons of Kilimanjaro” by Macon Dunnagan is a unique and captivating book that tells the story of three generations of climbers in one family as they seek to summit Mount Kilimanjaro. The book offers a personal and emotional account of their journey, as well as a glimpse into the customs and traditions of the local people. With its mix of adventure, family, and culture, “Kilimanjaro: Sons of Kilimanjaro” is a refreshingly personal take on the iconic mountain.

In “Climbing Kilimanjaro: An African Odyssey,” Helen Bergan shares her own experience of climbing Mount Kilimanjaro, offering a relatable and honest account of the challenges and triumphs of this journey. The book combines practical advice with personal anecdotes, making it a valuable resource for those planning to climb Kilimanjaro. Bergan also discusses the impact of tourism on the mountain and the importance of preservation for future generations. This book is a must-read for anyone looking for a personal and insightful look at climbing Kilimanjaro.

“Kilimanjaro Adventure” by Hal Streckert highlights the physical and mental preparation needed to climb Mount Kilimanjaro. With a focus on fitness, nutrition, and gear, Streckert provides detailed advice for hikers who want to successfully summit the mountain. The book also includes personal stories and stunning photographs, adding depth and inspiration to the practical guidance. “Kilimanjaro Adventure” is a valuable resource for those planning to climb Kilimanjaro, as well as anyone interested in exploring the physical and mental challenges of this undertaking.

“Lonely Planet Trekking in East Africa” by David Else is a comprehensive guidebook for trekking enthusiasts looking to explore the natural wonders of East Africa. The book covers a variety of treks, including climbing Mount Kilimanjaro, and offers practical advice on choosing a route, safety precautions, and cultural considerations. With detailed maps and information on accommodations and transportation, this guidebook is an essential tool for planning a trekking adventure in East Africa.

“High Altitude Illness & Wellness” by Charles S. Houston is a valuable resource for climbers seeking to understand the effects of high altitude on the body and how to prevent and treat altitude sickness. The book includes information on physical and mental acclimatization, as well as tips for staying healthy at high altitudes. It also discusses the factors that can contribute to altitude sickness and how to recognize and treat the symptoms. This book is a must-read for anyone planning to climb Mount Kilimanjaro, as well as for those interested in the science of high-altitude mountaineering.

“The Shadow of Kilimanjaro” by Rick Ridgeway is a deeply personal and poignant narrative of the author’s climb of Mount Kilimanjaro. Ridgeway highlights the beauty and fragility of the natural world, as well as the threat of climate change on the mountain. The book also delves into the culture and history of Tanzania and the impact of tourism on the region. With its captivating writing and thought-provoking insights, “The Shadow of Kilimanjaro” is a must-read for those looking to be inspired and educated about the majestic African peak.

“Kilimanjaro Map” by International Travel Maps is a detailed and accurate map of Mount Kilimanjaro and its surrounding area. The map includes topographical features, hiking routes, and points of interest. It is an essential tool for climbers and trekkers, as well as for anyone interested in the geography of the region.

“Kilimanjaro & Mount Kenya: A Climbing and Trekking Guide” by Cameron M. Burns is a comprehensive guide to climbing and trekking in both Tanzania and Kenya. The book covers all aspects of these adventures, including equipment, preparation, routes, and cultural considerations. It also includes detailed maps and personal stories from climbers, adding depth and personality to the practical information. This guidebook is a must-have for anyone looking to explore both Mount Kilimanjaro and Mount Kenya.

“East Africa (Multi Country Guide)” by Mary Fitzpatrick is a comprehensive guide to traveling in multiple countries in East Africa, including Tanzania and Kenya. The book covers everything from cultural and historical information to practical tips on accommodations, transportation, and activities. It also offers a section dedicated to climbing Mount Kilimanjaro, showcasing the different routes and providing advice for planning and preparation. With its well-rounded coverage of the region, this guidebook is a valuable resource for travelers looking to explore East Africa, especially those interested in climbing Kilimanjaro.

Coclution

In conclusion, these books offer a wealth of information for anyone interested in Mount Kilimanjaro, whether they are planning to climb the mountain or simply wanting to learn more about its history, culture, and natural wonders. From practical advice and detailed descriptions of hiking routes to personal accounts and stunning visuals, each book offers a unique perspective on this iconic peak. So, whether you are an experienced climber or an armchair traveler, these books are sure to inspire and educate you about the beauty and significance of Kilimanjaro.

 

The 10 Tallest Mountains in Canada

1. Mount Logan is the highest mountain in Canada and the second-highest peak in North America after Mount Denali. It is located in the Saint Elias Mountains of Yukon, on the border with Alaska. Standing at 19,541 feet, Mount Logan is a prominent landmark in the Canadian wilderness and a popular challenge for mountaineers.

The mountain was named after Sir William Logan, a Canadian geologist and founder of the Geological Survey of Canada. It was first successfully climbed in 1925 by a Canadian expedition led by Albert H. MacCarthy. The ascent is considered one of the greatest achievements in Canadian mountaineering history.

The mountain is known for its extreme weather conditions, with temperatures reaching below -40 degrees Celsius and strong winds. This, combined with challenging terrain, makes it a difficult climb even for experienced mountaineers.

 

2. Mount Saint Elias, located on the border between Alaska and the Yukon, is the second highest peak in both Canada and the United States. At 18,009 feet, it is also the highest point in the Saint Elias Range and the fourth highest in the North American continent overall. The name “Saint Elias” comes from the biblical prophet Elijah, who is known as Elias in some Christian traditions. The mountain is surrounded by glaciers, making it a popular destination for ski mountaineers. The first successful ascent of Mount Saint Elias was in 1897 by a group of four British climbers. However, the mountain was not climbed from the Canadian side until 1946 by an American expedition. Its proximity to the Pacific coast also means that the weather conditions are often volatile and unpredictable, adding to the challenge of climbing this majestic peak.

 

3. Lucania, at 17,257 feet, is the third highest peak in Canada and the highest in the southwestern Yukon. It is located in the icefields of the St. Elias Range and is part of the same massif as Mount Logan. The mountain was named after Lucania, a district in southern Italy, by the leader of the first ascent team, Bradford Washburn. It was first climbed in 1937 by two American climbers, Allen Carpé and Terris Moore. The ascent was challenging, with the climbers facing technical difficulties and unpredictable weather. Today, the mountain remains a popular destination for experienced mountaineers looking for a challenging climb in a remote and beautiful alpine setting.

 

4. King Peak, at 16,972 feet, is the fourth highest peak in Canada and is located on the border between the Yukon and British Columbia. It is part of the Pinnacle Mountains, a sub-range of the St. Elias Mountains. The mountain was named after Bill King, a Canadian geographer who discovered it in 1930 during an aerial survey. The first ascent of King Peak was in 1942 by an American expedition led by famed mountaineer Walter Wood. The climb is considered a classic among mountaineers due to the challenging terrain and difficult glacier travel. The mountain remains a remote and difficult peak to climb, with only a handful of successful ascents each year.

 

5. Mount Steele, standing at 16,470 feet, is the fifth highest mountain in Canada and the second highest in the St. Elias Range after Mount Logan. It is located on the border between the Yukon and Alaska and was named after Sir Sam Steele, a Canadian Mountie known for his exploration of the Yukon in the late 19th century. Mount Steele was first climbed in 1935 by a party of four climbers, including veteran mountaineer Norman Clyde. The ascent was challenging, with the climbers facing severe weather conditions and technical terrain. Today, it remains a popular climb for experienced mountaineers due to its remote location and difficult ascent.

 

6. Mount Wood, located in Yukon, is the sixth highest peak in Canada at 15,945 feet. The mountain was named after army officer Wildred Wood, who was one of the first Europeans to travel through the region in the late 19th century. It is part of the same massif as Mount Logan and Lucania, but its ascent is considered even more challenging due to its rugged and remote location. The first successful ascent of Mount Wood was in 1947 by an American expedition led by mountaineer Bob Bates. Today, the mountain is still climbed regularly by experienced mountaineers seeking a difficult and rewarding challenge.

 

7. Mount Vancouver, at 15,787 feet, is the seventh highest peak in Canada and the highest peak in British Columbia. It is part of the St. Elias Mountains and is located on the border between the Yukon and Alaska. The mountain was named after Captain George Vancouver, who explored the coast of British Columbia in the late 18th century. The first ascent of Mount Vancouver was in 1945 by an American expedition led by Allen Carpé. The climb is challenging, with steep and glaciated terrain, and is recommended only for experienced mountaineers.

 

8. Mount Slaggard is the eighth highest peak in Canada, standing at 15,558 feet. It is located in the western Yukon, near the Alaska border. The mountain was named after Canadian geologist Jack Slaggard, who mapped the region in the 1950s. The first successful ascent of Mount Slaggard was in 1960 by an American expedition led by Terris Moore. The climb is considered extremely difficult, with remote and rugged terrain, and remains a challenge for mountaineers looking to conquer all of Canada’s highest peaks.

 

9. Fairweather Mountain, at 15,325 feet, is the ninth highest peak in Canada and the highest peak in British Columbia’s Fairweather Range. It is located on the border between the Yukon and Alaska and was named by Captain James Cook in 1778. The mountain is known for its difficult weather conditions, with temperatures dropping to -30 degrees Celsius and high winds. The first ascent of Fairweather Mountain was in 1931 by an American expedition led by Allen Carpé. It remains a popular climb for experienced mountaineers seeking a challenging and remote ascent.

 

10. Mount Hubbard, at 14,951 feet, is the tenth highest peak in Canada and is located on the Alaska-Yukon border. It was named after Gardiner Hubbard, the first president of National Geographic Society, in 1890. The first successful ascent of Mount Hubbard was in 1890 by an American expedition led by Israel Russell. The mountain is known for its complex and rugged terrain, making it a challenging and rewarding climb for mountaineers. It remains a remote and sought-after peak for experienced climbers looking to conquer all of Canada’s highest peaks.

 

Where does Kilimanjaro compare to these mountains?

Kilimanjaro, at 19,341 feet, is the highest peak in Africa and the highest freestanding mountain in the world, but it does not compare to the height of these ten highest mountains in Canada. However, Mount Logan and Mount Saint Elias are comparable in height to Kilimanjaro.

Mount Logan is only slightly taller than Kilimanjaro, while Mount Saint Elias is slightly shorter. Both Kilimanjaro and Mount Saint Elias are known for their challenging terrain, extreme weather conditions, and stunning scenery.

However, the Canadian mountains mentioned above are more technical and difficult climbs compared to Kilimanjaro. Each of these Canadian peaks requires advanced mountaineering skills and experience, whereas Kilimanjaro can be climbed by individuals with proper preparation and physical fitness.

 

Average Age To Climb Kilimanjaro

The average age of climbers attempting to summit Mount Kilimanjaro is between 30-40 years old. However, there is a wide range of ages and it is not uncommon to see climbers ranging from 18 years old to 70+.

Average Age To Climb Kilimanjaro

Climbing Kilimanjaro Company Clients displaying their Kilimanjaro Certificates at Mount Meru Hotel.

According to data from the Kilimanjaro National Park, the average age of successful Kilimanjaro climbers is 37 years old. This is likely due to the fact that most climbers are in good physical condition and have a high level of fitness at this age. Many people in their 30s and 40s may have more disposable income and time to commit to such a trip.

 

Young Climbers Climb Kilimanjaro

However, there has been an increasing trend of younger climbers attempting the summit. In recent years, there has been a rise in the number of teenagers and young adults (between 18-25 years old) taking on the challenge of Kilimanjaro.

On the other hand, there are also older climbers who successfully summit the mountain. The oldest person to summit Kilimanjaro was 88 years old. This just goes to show that age is not necessarily a limiting factor for those who are determined and physically fit.

There are several reasons why the average age of Kilimanjaro climbers falls within the 30-40 age range. One possible reason is that this age group is typically in good physical condition and may have more disposable income and time to embark on such a trip. Additionally, many people in their 30s and 40s are seeking new and challenging experiences, and climbing Kilimanjaro offers just that.

Another factor that may influence the average age of climbers is the difficulty level of Kilimanjaro. While it is considered a challenging climb, it does not require technical skills or climbing experience. This makes it accessible to a wide range of ages and physical abilities.

Average Age To Climb-Kilimanjaro

Climbing Kilimanjaro Clients and guides at the Summit of Mount Kilimanjaro, Uhuru Peak

In recent years, Kilimanjaro has become increasingly popular among charity groups and fundraisers. This has led to a rise in the number of older climbers, particularly in their 50s and 60s, who are motivated by a cause to take on the challenge of climbing Kilimanjaro.

Overall, the average age of climbers on Kilimanjaro reflects the fact that it is a physically demanding but achievable challenge for a wide range of age groups. Whether you are in your 20s or 70s, if you are in good physical condition and are determined to reach the summit, Mount Kilimanjaro can be conquered at any age.

 

Average Age To Climb Kilimanjaro Statistics

Based on Climbing Kilimanjaro survey, Kilimanjaro climbers are 30% female and 70% male.

40% of climbers are between 31 and 40 years old.
30% of climbers are between 41 and 40 years old.
12% of climbers are between 21 and 30 years old.

All other ages comprise 18% of climbers on Kilimanjaro.

Conclution:

The average age of climbers on Mount Kilimanjaro is between 30-40 years old. This reflects a combination of factors such as physical fitness, financial stability, time availability, and the increasing popularity of Kilimanjaro as a challenging and achievable adventure.

However, people of all ages, from teenagers to senior citizens, have successfully reached the summit of Kilimanjaro, showing that age is not a barrier for those who are determined and well-prepared for the climb.

 

Kilimanjaro Airport (jro airport)

Kilimanjaro Airport

Kilimanjaro Airport is the main international airport in the Kilimanjaro region of Tanzania. Located approximately 40 kilometers from the city of Moshi, the airport serves as a gateway for tourists visiting the popular Mount Kilimanjaro and other national parks in the area. It also serves as an important hub for domestic and regional flights.

The airport was established in 1971 and has undergone several developments over the years. In recent years, the airport has witnessed a significant increase in passenger traffic, leading to its expansion and modernization.

 

1. Airport Facilities

The terminal building at Kilimanjaro Airport is spacious and well-equipped with modern facilities. It has a capacity to handle up to 1 million passengers annually. The terminal is divided into separate areas for domestic and international flights.

Check-in and security procedures at the airport are generally efficient, with multiple counters for airlines and x-ray machines for baggage screening. Baggage claim and customs procedures are also quick and hassle-free. The airport offers free WiFi for all passengers, as well as ATMs and currency exchange services.

Passengers can also enjoy a range of amenities at the airport, including duty-free shops, restaurants, and a VIP lounge.

 

2. Airlines and Destinations

Kilimanjaro Airport is served by several international and domestic airlines, including Ethiopian Airlines, Kenya Airways, KLM, and Qatar Airways. It offers direct flights to and from destinations in Africa, Europe, and the Middle East.

The most popular international destinations served by Kilimanjaro Airport include Amsterdam, Nairobi, Doha, and Addis Ababa. Domestic flights are available to major cities in Tanzania, such as Dar es Salaam, Zanzibar, and Arusha.

Read more on How to get to Kilimanjaro

 

3. Ground Transportation

Passengers have several options for ground transportation to and from Kilimanjaro Airport. Local taxis are easily available outside the terminal building, and there are also shuttle services that operate between the airport and major towns in the area.

Alternatively, travelers can opt for private transfer services, which can be arranged in advance through their hotel or travel agency. Car rental services are also available at the airport, and there is ample parking space for those who prefer to drive themselves.

If you book your Kilimanjaro Trek  with Us then we will pick you from the airport and drive you to the hotel:

4. Airport Hotels

For passengers with long layovers or early morning flights, there are a few recommended hotels located near Kilimanjaro Airport. These hotels offer free shuttle services to and from the airport and have amenities such as restaurants, swimming pools, and free WiFi.

Alternatively, there are also hotels available in the nearby city of Moshi, which is approximately a 30-minute drive from the airport and Arusha 1 hr away.

 

5. Tips for Travelers

Before traveling to Kilimanjaro Airport, it is important for passengers to familiarize themselves with Tanzania’s visa requirements and other entry regulations. It is recommended to obtain a visa in advance to avoid any delays or issues upon arrival.

Health and safety precautions should also be taken, such as getting necessary vaccinations and taking precautions against malaria. Travelers should also be respectful of the local culture and customs, as well as take note of the local language and currency.

 

6. Nearby Attractions

Kilimanjaro Airport is conveniently located near several popular tourist destinations, including Mount Kilimanjaro and various national parks and game reserves. These include the Serengeti National Park, Ngorongoro Crater, and Lake Manyara National Park, which offer incredible opportunities for safaris and wildlife viewing.

For more adventurous travelers, there are also many hiking and trekking options in the nearby mountains and hills.

 

7. Future Development Plans

The Kilimanjaro Airport is currently undergoing expansion and renovations to increase its capacity and update its facilities. The project is expected to be completed in the next few years and is set to further improve the airport’s services and operations.

However, travelers should be aware that these developments may cause some disruptions and changes in airport procedures during this time.

 

8. Emergency Procedures

In case of any emergencies, passengers can find contact numbers for the nearest medical facilities and emergency services at the airport. The airport also has first aid services available for any immediate medical needs.

In the event of flight disruptions or delays, there are protocols in place to ensure that passengers are taken care of and provided with necessary assistance.

 

Conclusion

Kilimanjaro Airport is a modern and efficient airport that serves as an important gateway for travelers visiting Tanzania. With its convenient location, a range of amenities, and future development plans, the airport is continuously improving to provide a smooth and comfortable experience for all passengers.

 

The World’s 10 Oldest Mountains

The Earth, estimated to be approximately 4.54 billion years old, has been marked by a continuous evolution of geological processes. Among the most enduring features of this dynamic planet are the majestic formations of mountains, serving as a window into the rich and varied history of our world.

These ancient peaks and ranges bear witness to a multitude of events, such as continental shifts and geological upheavals, that have shaped the landscape over time. As we embark on an exploration of the world’s oldest mountain ranges, we are presented with a fascinating narrative of the enduring forces that have sculpted our planet.

Barberton Mountains Oldest mountain on earth

Below we have a list of  the world’s oldest mountain ranges.

1. Barberton Mountains Located in South Africa – 3.5 billion years Old

The Barberton Mountains, also known as Makhonjwa Mountains are widely acknowledged as the oldest mountain range on Earth, with an estimated age of 3.5 billion years. These mountains are a geological treasure, bearing witness to the early stages of continental formation and the emergence of life. Comprised of greenstone, this range boasts intricate layers that offer rare insights into the Archean Earth.

 

2. Hamersley Range in Western Australia – 3.4 billion years Old

Following closely behind, the Hamersley Range in Western Australia is recognized as the second oldest mountain range in the world, with an estimated age of 3.4 billion years. This range, which is part of the Pilbara Craton, formed through the stabilization of ancient volcanic islands and sea basins, making it one of the most ancient landmasses on the planet. The Hamersley Range’s distinctive red and brown hues and rugged terrain make it a striking natural wonder.

 

3. Waterberg Mountains, located in South Africa’s – 2.8 billion years old

The Waterberg Mountains, located in South Africa’s Limpopo Province, are believed to be approximately 2.8 billion years old. This range, part of the larger Waterberg Biosphere Reserve, is predominantly characterized by its striking red sandstone cliffs and plateaus. These mountains are believed to have formed during the Proterozoic Eon, offering a unique glimpse into the Earth’s early geological history.

 

4. Magaliesberg Mountains, situated in South Africa – 2.3 billion years old

The Magaliesberg Mountains, situated in South Africa’s North West Province, are estimated to be 2.3 billion years old, making them one of the oldest mountain ranges in the world. These mountains emerged from sedimentary rocks, including quartzite and conglomerate, that accumulated in an ancient shallow sea. Over millions of years, these rocks were compressed and uplifted, resulting in the steep cliffs and distinctive formations that define the Magaliesberg Mountains.

 

5. Guiana Highlands  – 2 billion years

In South America, the Guiana Highlands are considered one of the oldest regions on Earth, with an estimated age of around 2 billion years. These highlands, largely situated in Venezuela, but also extending into Guyana, Suriname, and Brazil, consist of ancient crystalline rocks, including granite and gneiss. The region’s unique topography features flat-topped mountains, called tepuis, and dense rainforests.

 

6. Black Hills, located in South Dakota and Wyoming – 1.8 billion years old

The Black Hills, located in South Dakota and Wyoming, are believed to be the oldest mountains in the United States, with an estimated age of around 1.8 billion years. Composed of ancient granite and metamorphic rocks from the Precambrian Era, these mountains were created by volcanic activity and represent an uplifted dome. The Black Hills are famous for landmarks such as Mount Rushmore and Custer State Park, and their distinctive forested peaks and granite outcrops.

 

7. St. Francois Mountains, situated in southeastern Missouri – 1.5 billion years old

The St. Francois Mountains, situated in southeastern Missouri, are estimated to be around 1.5 billion years old. These mountains, comprised of rugged terrain and distinctive pink and red granite rock, are believed to have formed through volcanic activity. Among their notable features are Taum Sauk Mountain, the highest point in Missouri, and Johnson’s Shut-Ins State Park.

 

8. Stirling Range Location Australia – 1.3 billion years old

In Australia, the Stirling Range is widely considered to be around 1.3 billion years old. These mountains, formed through uplift and folding processes associated with the movement of the Australian Plate, are marked by their sharp, jagged peaks and steep cliffs. Bluff Knoll, the tallest peak in the range, stands at 3,605 feet (1,099 meters) and offers stunning views of the ancient landscape.

 

9. Blue Ridge Mountains, located in the Eastern United States – 1.2 billion years old

The Blue Ridge Mountains, located in the Eastern United States, bear testament to the Earth’s tectonic plate collisions, with an estimated age of 1.2 billion years. These mountains, which emanate a bluish hue from the vast forests of deciduous trees covering their slopes, are part of the Appalachian Mountains. The Blue Ridge Parkway, a scenic drive that winds through the range, offers breathtaking views of this ancient terrain.

 

10. Laurentian Mountains located in Eastern United States – 1 billion years old

The Laurentian Mountains, also known as the Laurentides, are situated in eastern North America and are widely recognized as part of the Canadian Shield, one of the Earth’s oldest geological formations. With an estimated age of 1 billion years, the Laurentian Mountains represent a vast expanse of rolling terrain, interspersed with numerous lakes and rivers. This region is also known as the Precambrian Shield and the Laurentian Plateau, and its pristine landscape is a testament to the Earth’s early history.

 

Mount Kilimanjaro, located in Tanzania – 750,000 years Old

In comparison, Mount Kilimanjaro, located in Tanzania, is relatively young in geological terms, with an estimated age of 750,000 years. This mountain, which is believed to have formed through volcanic activity and the uplift of the East African Rift system, remains active today. Despite its youth, Mount Kilimanjaro’s snow-capped peaks and iconic presence make it one of Africa’s most recognizable and beloved mountains.

Which is harder Kilimanjaro or Denali?

Compared to Kilimanjaro, Denali (Mount McKinley) presents a significantly more challenging climb. Its steeper inclines and lower oxygen levels require a higher level of skill and preparation. Unlike Kilimanjaro, acclimatizing to the harsh weather conditions on Denali can be more daunting.

Both Kilimanjaro and Denali are challenging mountains to climb, but they each present their own unique difficulties. It is difficult to definitively say which one is harder, as each individual’s personal abilities and experiences may vary.

Kilimanjaro, located in Tanzania, is the tallest mountain in Africa and the highest free-standing mountain in the world. It stands at 19,341 feet (5895 meters) and features several different routes to reach the summit. One of the biggest challenges of Kilimanjaro is the high altitude and altitude sickness, as climbers quickly ascend to the summit in a short amount of time.

Denali, located in Alaska, is the tallest mountain in North America, standing at 20,310 feet (6190 meters). It is known for its extreme weather conditions, with high winds, severe cold, and heavy snowfall.

Denali terrain is more rugged and technical, requiring climbers to have advanced mountaineering skills and experience navigating glaciers and steep slopes. The ascent to the summit on Denali is also longer and more physically demanding than on Kilimanjaro.

 

1. Altitude: The Key Difference

– Kilimanjaro: While both Kilimanjaro and Denali are high-altitude mountains, Kilimanjaro has a lower summit elevation at 19,341 feet. However, the difference lies in how quickly the altitude is gained.

The trek to Kilimanjaro’s summit can be completed in 6-9 days, while climbers on Denali spend 2-3 weeks gradually ascending to the summit at 20,308 feet. This rapid altitude gain on Kilimanjaro increases the risk of altitude sickness and makes it a more challenging climb.

 

2. Terrain and Difficulty

Kilimanjaro: The terrain on Kilimanjaro is a mix of different environments, including rainforests, moorlands, and alpine deserts, with the final summit push being on loose scree and snow. While the route is not technically difficult, the constantly changing terrain and weather conditions can be physically demanding for climbers.

Denali: Denali is known for its harsh and unpredictable weather, with high winds, low temperatures, and heavy snowfall. The terrain is also much more challenging, with glaciers, crevasses, and steep ridges, requiring technical skills and specialized gear such as crampons and ice axes.

 

3. Weather Conditions

Kilimanjaro: Due to its proximity to the equator, Kilimanjaro has a relatively mild climate year-round, with temperatures ranging from 70-80°F at the base to -20°F at the summit. However, weather conditions can change rapidly, and climbers need to be prepared for rain, snow, and high winds.

Denali: Denali is located in Alaska, which is known for extreme weather conditions. Climbers can experience temperatures as low as -40°F, with strong winds and frequent storms. The long expedition on Denali means climbers must be well-trained and equipped to brave these harsh conditions.

 

4. Training and Preparation

Kilimanjaro: While Kilimanjaro does not require advanced technical skills, climbers still need to be physically fit and mentally prepared for a multi-day trek at high altitude. Training for Kilimanjaro can include cardiovascular exercises, hiking, and strength training.

Denali: Preparation for Denali is much more intensive, with climbers needing to have prior mountaineering experience. Training may include rock and ice climbing, glacier travel, and endurance training to acclimate to the physical demands of the climb.

 

5. Technical Skills Required

Kilimanjaro: Climbing Kilimanjaro does not require any advanced technical skills, but some previous trekking experience and basic hiking and navigation skills are recommended.

Denali: Denali requires a higher level of technical expertise, with climbers needing to have experience with mountain-specific skills such as crevasse rescue, rope management, and glacier travel. Technical equipment such as crampons, harnesses, and ropes are also necessary.

 

6. Acclimatization and Adaptation

Kilimanjaro: The rapid ascent to Kilimanjaro’s summit makes it more challenging for climbers to acclimate to the high altitude. This increases the risk of altitude-related illnesses such as AMS (Acute Mountain Sickness). Proper acclimatization on Kilimanjaro requires frequent breaks and a slow pace.

Denali: The extended expedition on Denali allows climbers to gradually acclimate to the high altitude, reducing the risk of altitude-related illnesses. Climbers also have rest days built into the schedule to help with acclimatization.

 

7. Group Size and Support Systems

Kilimanjaro: Most climbers on Kilimanjaro join guided group expeditions, which provide support such as porters, cooks, and guides. This takes away some of the logistical challenges but also means less self-reliance.

Denali: Due to the more technical and remote nature of Denali, small group sizes and self-sufficiency are essential. Climbers must carry all their gear and supplies, set up camp, and navigate the route themselves.

 

8. Cost and Logistics

Kilimanjaro: In general, climbing Kilimanjaro is less expensive and less logistically challenging compared to Denali. There are various trekking companies like Climbing Kilimanjaro and routes to choose from, and climbers can choose between budget-friendly or more luxurious options.

Denali: The cost of climbing Denali is significantly higher, as climbers need specialized gear and must arrange for transportation to the remote location. The availability of permits and the unpredictable weather can also add to the logistical challenges.

 

9. Environmental Factors

Kilimanjaro: Kilimanjaro is a popular tourist destination, with hundreds of climbers attempting the summit every day. This high volume of visitors can cause environmental impacts such as litter and overcrowding on popular routes.

Denali: Due to its remote and challenging nature, Denali sees far fewer climbers, reducing the environmental impact. However, climbers must adhere to strict leave-no-trace practices to protect the fragile environment.

 

10. Personal Experience and Perspective

Kilimanjaro: Climbing Kilimanjaro is often seen as a bucket-list item, and many people of varying ages and ability levels attempt it. This can make the climb feel more accessible and achievable, but it also means less of a sense of accomplishment for some.

Denali: Denali is a much more personal and challenging experience, with fewer people attempting it. The physical and mental demands, as well as the isolation and wilderness setting, make it a unique and often life-changing experience for climbers.

Western Breach Route – The Most Dangerous Route on Kilimanjaro?

The Western Breach trail is a challenging and scenic route that links Arrow Glacier to Crater Camp. Spanning 2,800 feet (850 meters) over a distance of 1.25 miles (2 kilometers), this trail will test your physical abilities and may require some climbing on all fours in certain sections.

Despite the difficulty, this route offers stunning views of the surrounding landscape. So, be prepared for a strenuous but rewarding trek through a rocky and steep terrain.

The Perils of the Western Breach Route

The key danger of this route lies not in the climb itself, but in the melting glaciers located above it. As a result of global warming, these retreating glaciers have released previously bound up rocks, making the route significantly more treacherous.

In 2006, a tragic accident further highlighted the risks of the Western Breach Route when three American climbers lost their lives due to a rockfall. This incident led to the closure of the route, as investigations revealed that it was not safe. The route was eventually reopened, but with necessary changes to minimize the time spent in the highest risk area.

 

The Temptation of the Western Breach Route

While the dangers involved in the Western Breach Route are evident, the route continues to allure climbers. The unique challenge of navigating through a breach in the crater wall, instead of simply reaching the crater rim like other routes, is a major draw. This route also offers the opportunity to camp in the crater and explore landmarks such as the Furtwangler Glacier and the Ash Pit.

 

Alternative Options for Exploring the Crater

For those seeking to minimize their risk while still experiencing the wonders of the crater, there are alternative options available. While climbing agencies do not typically include a descent into the crater in their standard routes, it can be added as an option. Additionally, on a private climb, it is possible to spend a night in the crater camp. However, proper acclimatization must be considered before attempting this, as the high altitude can be dangerous.

 

The Risks Involved and Precautions Taken

The Western Breach Route is not without its risks, as evidenced by previous accidents. In addition to the potential for rockfall, there is also a “point of no return” at 5500-5600 m, which means that any emergency evacuation would require climbers to continue ascending to the summit before being able to descend. This route is recommended for experienced climbers only, with proper mountain climbing experience and knowledge of altitude sickness.

 

The Western Breach Route Experience

To access the Western Breach Route, climbers typically take the Machame, Shira, Lemosho, or Umbwe routes, which then lead to the Lava Tower Camp (4642 m). The following day is a short trek to the Arrow Glacier Camp (4871 m), where proper acclimatization can occur. The summit night starts around 2 am, with a steep and technical climb to reach the crater. From there, it is a short trek to the Crater Camp and then up to Uhuru Peak.

 

Safety and Preparations

As with any climb on Kilimanjaro, safety is of utmost importance. It is crucial to choose a reputable Kilimanjaro company with experienced guides and well-maintained equipment like Climbing Kilimanjaro. Climbers should also be physically and mentally prepared for the challenges of the Western Breach Route, which includes proper acclimatization and training.

In addition, climbers should also be prepared for extreme weather conditions, including low temperatures, high altitude, and potential snowfall. Proper Kilimanjaro clothing and gear are essential for a safe and successful climb.

 

A Final Word of Caution

Regardless of the route chosen, it is important to remember the rule of “climb high, sleep low” to acclimatize properly and ensure safety at the extreme altitude. The Western Breach Route is a unique and challenging option for those seeking a thrilling adventure while scaling the majestic Mt. Kilimanjaro, but it is not without its dangers. Climbers must always be cautious and make informed decisions to have a successful and safe ascent.

What gloves to wear on Kilimanjaro?

When preparing for a trek up Mount Kilimanjaro, having the right gear is crucial for a successful summit. One of the most important pieces of gear to consider is your gloves. With the changing weather and extreme temperatures, having the proper gloves can make all the difference in keeping your hands warm and functional.

climbing Kilimanjaro gloves

Our Client at the summit of Kilimanjaro with proper gear/gloves.

For your Kilimanjaro summit night, it’s crucial to have the right hand protection to keep you warm and comfortable. We highly recommend a combination of fleece gloves, windproof gloves, as well as ski or snowboard mittens or gloves.

It’s always a good idea to bring multiple options to ensure maximum warmth and versatility. Be sure to have at least one heavy pair of gloves that can withstand sub-freezing temperatures. On your other hiking days, lighter material gloves will be sufficient and won’t be too bulky.

In this article, we will discuss the best gloves to wear on Kilimanjaro and the top brands to consider. Also at Climbing Kilimanjaro we require clients to have at least one pair of thin fleece gloves and one pair of waterproof, warm gloves. Check out our recommended Kilimanjaro packing list

1. The North Face

The North Face is a well-known brand in the outdoor industry and their gloves are no exception. Their gloves are designed to withstand extreme conditions and provide maximum warmth and dexterity. The Summit Series L3 gloves are a popular choice among Kilimanjaro trekkers, featuring Gore-Tex waterproof technology and PrimaLoft insulation. They also have a grippy palm for better grip and touch-screen compatibility for using your phone or camera without taking off your gloves.

 

2. Black Diamond

Black Diamond is another reputable brand that offers a variety of gloves for cold weather expeditions. Their Guide Finger Gloves are a popular choice for Kilimanjaro trekkers, as they provide excellent warmth, dexterity, and durability. These gloves have a removable liner for easy drying and touch-screen compatibility for convenience.

 

3. Outdoor Research

Outdoor Research is a brand that specializes in outdoor gear for extreme environments, making them a top choice for Kilimanjaro trekkers. Their Alti gloves are designed for high-altitude expeditions and are made with Gore-Tex waterproof and breathable technology, as well as PrimaLoft insulation for maximum warmth. They also have a removable liner and a nose wipe for added convenience.

 

4. Hestra

Hestra is a brand known for their high-quality gloves and mittens, and they offer several options for Kilimanjaro trekkers. Their Fall Line Gloves are a great choice for the mountain, featuring a durable leather exterior, waterproof and breathable membrane, and soft wool lining for additional warmth. They also have a removable liner for faster drying.

 

Factors to consider when Choosing Kilimanjaro Gloves

1.  When choosing gloves for Kilimanjaro, there are a few key factors to consider. First, they should be waterproof and breathable to protect your hands from the elements and prevent them from getting too sweaty.

2. They should also provide enough insulation to keep your hands warm in the freezing temperatures. Additionally, gloves with a good grip and dexterity will be essential for navigating the rocky terrain and using trekking poles.

3. It is recommended to invest in high-quality gloves from a reputable brand, as they will last longer and provide better performance. It is also important to try on and test out the gloves before your trip to ensure a proper fit and comfortable feel. Some trekkers also choose to bring multiple pairs of gloves to have backups in case one gets wet or damaged.

In conclusion, having the right gloves is essential for a successful Kilimanjaro trek. The North Face, Black Diamond, Outdoor Research, and Hestra are all top brands to consider when purchasing gloves for this expedition.

Keep in mind the factors mentioned above and choose a pair that fits well, provides ample warmth and protection, and has good dexterity. With the right gloves, you can focus on the breathtaking views and adventure that await on your journey up Mount Kilimanjaro.

Do I Need a Pee Bottle for Kilimanjaro ?

When it comes to climbing Mount Kilimanjaro, proper planning and preparation are key. One important aspect of preparation is choosing the right equipment, and for many climbers, that includes a pee bottle.

A well-designed pee bottle can make a big difference in comfort and convenience while hiking Kilimanjaro, so it’s important to choose one that is suitable for the climb.

 

What is the best pee bottle for Kilimanjaro?

There are a variety of pee bottle brands on the market, but here are some of the best options for Kilimanjaro:

 

1. Nalgene Wide Mouth Bottle:

The Nalgene Wide Mouth Bottle is a popular choice among mountaineers and backpackers due to its durable design and wide mouth opening. This makes it easy to use for both men and women. It can also hold up to 32 ounces of liquid, making it suitable for longer climbs.

 

2. GoGirl Female Urination Device:

Designed specifically for women, the GoGirl is a compact and discreet option for climbers. It comes with a reusable storage tube, making it easy to pack and carry on the trail. The unique design also helps to prevent spills and leaks.

 

3. Peebuddy Disposable Urination Device:

The Peebuddy is another great option for women, especially for those who prefer a disposable option. It is designed to fit comfortably and securely, and can be easily disposed of after use. This is a convenient option for longer climbs, where carrying around a reusable device may not be feasible.

 

4. SaniGirl Portable Urinal:

Similar to the Peebuddy, the SaniGirl is a disposable urinal for women. However, it also comes with a leak-proof cap for added convenience. This is a good choice for climbers who prefer a more traditional urinal design.

 

5. TravelJohn Disposable Urinal:

Another disposable option, the TravelJohn is a compact and easy-to-use urinal for both men and women. It is designed to be leak-proof and odorless, which can be a major plus for climbers who are concerned about hygiene on the mountain.

 

When choosing a pee bottle for Kilimanjaro, there are a few key factors to consider. Firstly, make sure it is durable and leak-proof, as you don’t want to risk any spills in your pack.

It should also be compact and easy to use, especially in cramped tent spaces. Additionally, consider the capacity of the bottle and whether it will be suitable for the length of your climb.

In addition to having the right pee bottle, it’s also important to dispose of waste properly on the mountain. Always follow the Leave No Trace principles and pack out any waste, including disposable devices, to protect the environment.

Ultimately, the best pee bottle for Kilimanjaro is one that suits your individual needs and preferences. Consider the features of the various brands and choose one that will make your climb more comfortable and convenient.

And remember, proper hydration is essential on the mountain, so don’t let discomfort or inconvenience discourage you from drinking enough water. With the right equipment and mindset, you can conquer Kilimanjaro and reach the summit successfully.